Cómo y cuándo el levonorgestrel previene el embarazo si se administra como anticonceptivo de emergencia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11565/arsmed.v37i2.116Palabras clave:
levonorgestrel, levonorgestrelResumen
En esta revisión se actualiza el mecanismo de acción del levonorgestrel (LNG) usado en anticoncepción de emergencia. El análisis crítico de la estimación de la eficacia anticonceptiva del LNG indica que su tasa de falla es más alta que la publicada. El LNG aumenta la viscosidad del moco cervical impidiendo que los espermatozoides del reservorio cervical vayan a renovar la población espermática en el sitio de fecundación. Diversos autores han documentado que LNG suprime el pico preovulatorio de gonadotrofinas e interfiere con el proceso ovulatorio en la mujer y en modelos animales. Administrado después de la ovulación en rata, en la mona Cebus apella y en la mujer, no interfiere con la implantación del embrión. Se concluye que LNG previene el embarazo solamente cuando se administra en un momento del ciclo menstrual en el cual puede impedir la fecundación y que el método falla cuando la administración es más tardía.Descargas
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