Estilo de vida y agresividad del cáncer de próstata.
Palabras clave:
cáncer de próstata, tabaco, alcohol, encuesta.Resumen
Introducción: el objetivo de este estudio fue establecer una asociación entre diversas variables demográficas y epidemiológicas con la agresividad del cáncer de próstata (CaP).
Métodos: pacientes diagnosticados con CaP respondieron una encuesta que incluye el nivel de educación, los factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV), los antecedentes familiares (HF) de CaP, consumo de alcohol, tabaquismo y otros. Se utilizó análisis univariado y multivariado (AMV) para establecer si los factores mencionados anteriormente afectan las variables asociadas con la agresividad del CaP, como la edad al momento del diagnóstico, el índice de Gleason, los márgenes positivos (MP) y la metástasis óseas (MO), entre otras.
Resultados: se incluyeron ciento setenta y dos hombres en el análisis. Los pacientes con HF fueron diagnosticados a edades más tempranas que los pacientes sin HF (55,73 vs 66,45 años, p = 0,0001). Los pacientes que beben tienen un mayor número de MP que los pacientes que no (15 vs 4 pacientes, p = 0,04). El AMV mostró que los pacientes que consumen alcohol y los que fuman (activos o suspendidos) tuvieron un mayor riesgo de MP (OR = 4,45 y 4,1, IC 95% 1,16-17,07 y 1,14-14,72, respectivamente, ambos p <0,05). Los pacientes con mayor nivel de educación presentaron un mayor riesgo de CaP confinado (OR = 3,42, IC 95% 1,392-8,434, p = 0,007).
Conclusiones: los pacientes que consumen alcohol, fuman y tienen un menor nivel de educación presentaron un mayor riesgo de desarrollar CaP agresivo.
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