Estimulación de la médula espinal: una nueva estrategia terapéutica para restaurar la función motora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11565/arsmed.v42i3.1001Palabras clave:
Estimulación de la médula espinal, neuromodulación, función motora, enfermedad de Parkinson, lesión de la médula espinal, centros generadores de patrones, actividad neural.Resumen
La estimulación dela Médula Espinal(EME) es una técnica de neuromodulación que ha mostrado ser efectiva en el manejo de los trastornos motores propios de enfermedades tan devastadoras comola Enfermedadde Parkinson (EP) y las lesiones de la médula espinal. Considerando que ambas patologías cuentan con opciones terapéuticas limitadas,la EMEse podría posicionar como una técnica prometedora. Los mecanismos por los cuales operaría la estimulación difieren en ambos casos, generando cambios en la circuitería espinal local en el caso de las lesiones medulares, y cambios supraespinales, en el caso dela EP. Enesta revisión se busca analizar los efectos dela EMEen ambas enfermedades, tanto en modelos animales como en pacientes, hacer una breve descripción de los mecanismos y aludir a los desafíos futuros propuestos para ambos casos.
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